Conditional Sentences / If-Clauses Type I, II und III
Conditional Sentences are also
known as Conditional Clauses or If Clauses. They are used to express that the
action in the main clause (without if) can only take place if a
certain condition (in the clause with if) is fulfilled. There are
three types of Conditional Sentences. Conditional sentences are statements
discussing known factors or hypothetical situations and their consequences.
These sentences use conditional construction and verb forms, which is called
the conditional mood. Complete conditional sentences contain a conditional
clause and the consequence. As a refresher, a clause is a group of words with
their own subject and verb. Consider the following sentence:
The tricky part about constructing
a conditional sentence is it involves many factors both in its form and
meaning. Since there are various factors involved when writing conditional
sentences, the rules can be explained in different ways. The properties of the
entire conditional sentences are determined by the condition’s tense and degree
of realness.
Conditional Sentence Type 1
→ It is possible and also very
likely that the condition will be fulfilled.
Form: if + Simple Present, will-Future
Example: 1. If I find her address, I’ll send her an
invitation.
2. If Caroline and Sue prepare the
salad, Phil will decorate the house.
3. Jane will
hoover the sitting room if Aaron and Tim move
the furniture.
4. If Bob tidies
up the kitchen, Anita will clean the toilet.
5. Elaine will
buy the drinks if somebody helps her
carry the bottles.
6. If
Alan and Rebecca organise the food, Mary and Conor
will make the
sandwiches.
7. Frank will
play the DJ if the others bring along
their CDs.
8. If Alan will
mix the drinks if Jane gives him some of
her cocktail recipes.
they all do
their best, the party will be great.
9. If Willy looks after the barbecue, Bella will let the guests in
10. If Sherly cuts the onions for the salad, Caroline will peel the mushrooms.
Conditional Sentence Type 2
→ It is possible but very
unlikely, that the condition will be fulfilled.
Form: if + Simple Past, Conditional I (= would + Infinitive)
Example: 1.If I found her address, I would send her an
invitation.
2. If I played
the lottery, I would have a chance to hit the
jackpot.
3. If I hit
the jackpot, I would be rich.
4. If I were
rich, my life would change completely.
5. I would
buy a lonely island, if I found a nice
one.
6. If I owned
a lonely island, I would build a huge house by
the beach.
7. I would
invite all my friends if I had a house
by the beach.
8. If we liked
to go shopping in a big city, we would charter
a helicopter.
9. But if my friends' holidays were over, I would feel very
lonely on my lonely
island.
10. We would
have great parties if my friends came to
my island.
Conditional Sentence Type 3
→ It is impossible
that the condition will be fulfilled because it refers to the past.
Form: if + Past Perfect, Conditional II (= would + have + Past
Participle)
Example: 1.If I had found her address, I would have sent her
an invitation.
2. If the forwards had run faster, they would
have scored more goals.
3. Their motivation would have improved if they had
kicked a goal during the
first half.
4. If the
goalie had jumped up, he would have caught the ball.
5. If the referee had
seen the foul, he would have awarded a
penalty kick to our
team.
weeks before.
7. If it had
been a home game, our team would have won the
match.
8. If our team had won the match, they would
have moved up in the league.
9. If the
midfielders had passed the ball more exactly,
our team would have had
more
chances to attack.
10. The fullbacks would have prevented one or the other goal if they had
marked their
opponents.
Exceptions
Sometimes Conditional Sentences Type I, II and
III can also be used with other tenses.
* DAFTAR PUSTAKA
http://www.grammarly.com/handbook/sentences/conditional-sentences
